Selcuk

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Selcuk Transfer

Selcuk is a district of Turkey's Izmir Province. The district is surrounded by Menderes and Torbalı in the north, Tire district in the northeast, Kuşadası and Söke districts of Aydın province in the south, Germencik district of Aydın province in the east, and the Aegean Sea in the west. Famous Ephesus Ancient City, Şirince village, Virgin Mary's House, Artemis Temple, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, are located in Selçuk.


Selçuk, formerly known as Ayasuluk, was captured by the Aydınoğulları Principality in 1304 and joined the Ottoman Empire in 1426. In 1914, its name was changed from Ayasuluk to Selçuk, and after the War of Independence, Selçuk, which was called Akıncılar, was included in İzmir Province in 1957 and received the title of district.

Selçuk is one of the largest open-air museums in the world. It has been one of the most important settlements of Antiquity. Most of the historical buildings in Selçuk are still standing. Ephesus ruins is a very important center in terms of Turkish and world tourism. Ephesus is visited by approximately 2 million visitors every year. Selçuk Ephesus Museum is one of the most important and richest museums in Europe with only local artifacts it owns and exhibits. Apart from these activities, the conferences and art exhibitions held in the museum keep the cultural life alive. Isa Bey Mosque, one of the most important works of Seljuk art, is in Selcuk. The mosque is the oldest known example of both the courtyard Turkish mosque type and the Anatolian columned mosques.



Ephesus, one of the most famous cities of the first age, was founded near the gulf where the Küçük Menderes River emptied its waters. Its arable lands, being at the beginning of a great trade route opening to the East, being a very important religious center both in Antiquity and in the Christian era, made it go down in history as a big city. He also made a name for himself in the world of science and art and raised famous people. Among them, dream interpreter Artemidorus, poet Kallinos and Hipponax, philosopher Heraclitus, painter Parrhasius, grammar scholar Zinodotos can be counted.

The history of Ephesus dates back to the 6th millennium BC. This conclusion has been reached with the archaeological settlement findings unearthed in the Arvalya and Çukuriçi mounds in recent years. Excavations on Ayasuluk Hill have also shown that there was an uninterrupted settlement here from the Early Bronze Age to the Hellenistic Age. This proves that ancient Ephesus is on the Ayasuluk Hill, and that this place was inhabited by Anatolian tribes and Hittites. In addition, it has been confirmed that the city referred to as Apasas in Hittite written texts is this city.

Authors such as Strabo and Pausanias, ancient sources such as the historian Herodotus and the Ephesian poet Kallinos point out that Ephesus was founded by the Amazons and that the local population consisted of Carians and Leleges.

In 1050 BC, Androklos, like other ancient Greek colonists, came to Anatolia and took Ephesus and its surroundings. Ephesus was invaded by the Cimmerians in the 7th century BC and the Temple of Artemis was destroyed. In 560 BC, the city was moved around Artemision by the Lydians. At the end of the King's Peace concluded in 386 BC, Ephesus came under Persian rule, which would last until the arrival of Alexander the Great.

Ephesus, which is visited today, was largely founded by Lysimakhos, one of the generals of Alexander the Great, in 300 BC. Ephesus moved again during the Byzantine period and came to Ayasuluk Hill, where it was first established.

Covering an area of 277 km², the district consists of 1 town and 9 villages, including the center. The distance of Selçuk to the sea is 8 km, and its height from the sea is 16 meters.

Selçuk is the southernmost district of İzmir. It is located on the İzmir-Aydın highway and has a coastline. The district is surrounded by Menderes and Torbalı in the north, Tire districts in the northeast, Germencik district of Aydın in the east, Kuşadası and Söke districts of Aydın in the south, and the Aegean Sea in the west. It is 74 km from Izmir city center. Its area is 317 km2. Pamucak Beach, one of the longest beaches in Turkey with its 9 km coastline, is 9 km west of the town centre.


The Küçük Menderes River, originating from Western Anatolia, passes through a wide plain 3 km to the north of the district and pours into the sea 9 km to the west. Maden, Kayser and Sarıkaya mountains, which are not very high in the east, and in the south; At its foot is Bulbul Mountain, which witnessed the establishment of a great civilization. Having a total of 5 natural lakes, namely Lake Belevi in the northeast, Bird Sanctuary in the northwest and names Çakal, Gebekirse, Cevaşir and Kazan, nature provides shelter for various birds. The fact that a large part of Selçuk area, such as 52%, is forested, creates the richness of the natural pattern of the district.




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